This book is the story behind the two major river towns on the border of New South Wales and Victoria, and the events which allowed them to survive and develop into a vibrant Australian region. It draws on lively personal accounts of the key players in the development of this region from the early 1800s until the present time, showing how two communities on the opposite sides of the Murray became dependent upon one another. Although the history of these two towns is unique, it serves as a mirror of the history of much of Australia. Echuca was once Australia’s leading Murray River port and nicknamed the ‘Chicago of the Southern Hemisphere’. ‘Moama’ was taken from an aboriginal word meaning dead – possibly because of the many graves that at one time covered the area following a surge of smallpox in which many Aborigines died. The book brings to life a period in our history filled with many successes but also some major setbacks. Wonderfully illustrated with photographs, drawings and previously unpublished maps, the book is an easy and pleasurable journey through a part of Australia’s past.

CONTENTS
List of illustrations iv. Acknowledgments viii. Conversion table viii.
Two river crossings p1. Overlanders and Aborigines p4. Naturalists of the 1850s p11. James Maiden, millionaire cattleman p18. Henry Hopwood and James Maiden, rival founders p30. Hopwood the man p40. Jaengenya – place of illusion p46. A handful of squatters p53. Cornelia Creek and Lower Moira Runs p57. Henry’s little settlement p59. Steamers at a busy port p67. Linked by two bridges p76. Sawmills, slips and barges p80. Turn of the century p87. The recent years p93. The market gardeners p114. Chinese p114. Spaniards p120. Italians p127. The river environment p132. Echuca’s suburbs: Echuca South, old and new p143. Echuca East p157. Echuca Village p166. Campaspe West p170. Crossenvale p182. Major Victorian pastoral runs near Echuca: Wharparilla Run p203. Wharparilla - McEvoy’s p215. Echuca West p228. Millewa - Marathon p237. Bamawm p252. Bamawm Extension p265. Kotta p268. Torrumbarry Run p271. Torrumbarry - Patho p279. Torrumbarry South – Roslynmead – Willow Grove p287. Gunbower Run p301. New South Wales pastoral runs near Moama: Perricoota Run p309. Tattaila Run p319. Moira Run p325. Notes p328. Appendix: recent mayors and shire presidents: City of Echuca and Shire of Rochester p336. Bibliography p337. Index p340.

Selected ILLUSTRATIONS
Cattle crossing the Murray, Moama (drawing) p2. Map of area p3. Campaspe River p5. Bush camping scene p8. J.L. Gerard Krefft p13. James Maiden p18. All Saints Church, County of Camden, NSW p19. Maiden, Hill and Clark’s Wool Stores, 177 Pitt Street, Sydney (drawing) p23. Part of the plan of the township at Maiden’s Punt 1851 p26. Royal Hotel, Moama c1876 p27. Plan of suburban allotments at Moama 1855 p32. Henry Sayer Lewes p34. Plan of the Junction Paddock 1853 p35. James Maiden’s grave in the old Sandhurst Cemetery at Quarry Hill, Bendigo p39. Henry Hopwood and his third wife, Charlotte p42. Hopwood’s ‘palace’ in Connelly Street, Echuca, built 1866, now part of St Joseph’s College p44. Plan of township of Jaengenya 1856 p49. ‘All the rivers run’ actors: Sigrid Thornton, John Waters, Nikki Coghill p52. Plan showing location of parishes surveyed in 1860s and early 1870s, in preparation for applications by selectors p54. Table: Runs in Victoria near Echuca and NSW, near Moama p54. Old well sunk during the pastoral era on Cunnington’s farm, Bamawm p55. Plan of pastoral runs west of Echuca 1880 p56. Part of ‘Madowla Park’ homestead, Lower Moira 1989 p58. Henry Hopwood p60. Map of ‘Hopwood’s Ferry’ after P. Chauncy’s survey, 1854 p61. Hopwood’s pontoon bridge across the Murray, showing Bridge Hotel at right, c1860 (drawing) p64. James Shackell 1897 p66. The barge ‘Eagle’ waiting to be unloaded c1890 p69. Map of Murray River network showing main settlements served by paddle steamers p70. PS Trafalgar and barges carrying wool c1885 p72. ‘Pevensey’ leaving Echuca wharf in 1982 p75. Train crossing the historic Iron Bridge 1963 p77. Sawmill Sunday School, part of Mackintosh’s sawmilling empire at Echuca East, 1890 p80. Evans Brothers Sawmills team leaving for log camp 1937 p82. PS Adelaide on her first trip towing the restored D26 barge fitted with outriggers 1990 p86. D. Stratton and Company’s Excelsior Roller Flour Mills 1892 (drawing) p87. Watson family of Perricoota leaving the Palace Hotel for the Echuca races 1913 p88. Orrell’s Bakery, Moama 1892 (drawing) p90. Sims’ Echuca Butter Factory c1908 (drawing) p91. Thomson’s Fruit and Confectionary Shop, Shaw Street, Moama c1912 p92. Bridge Hotel, Echuca 1960 p94. Win Baker, during the last days of her Moama newsagency 1972 p95. John Quinn MBE p98. Helen Coulson p98. Ian Stewart p98. Princess Diana with Captain Phil Symons, PS Adelaide 1985 p100. Port of Echuca staff and boat crew 1983: A. Cook. H. Coulson. K. Hutchinson. P. Symons. R. Reid. W. O’Niall. R.J. Thompson. E. Gray. F. Knopp p101. The port fleet beside Echuca wharf 1995: Pevensey, Adelaide and Alexander Arbuthnot p102. K.F. McCartney, Echuca Town Clerk receiving a gift from Rob Owen on his retirement 1989 p103. Last councillors to serve the City of Echuca 1994: A.J. Allan. H.J. Hawkins. B.R. Beehag. W.A. Turner. P.L. Scott. A.L. Mitchell. G.N. Rosenow. A.R.H. Fabry. E.P. Baxter p103. Knopp’s original tobacconist’s shop c1895 p107. Lleonart’s ‘Fruit Palace’, Hare Street c1950 with Mr and Mrs Lleonart, daughter Carmen and helpers p109. Hare Street commercial streetscape 1950s p111. Caterer Theo Castrissios with Len Nigro 1991 p113. Thomas and Mary Chambers c1900 p116. Charles Shang and daughter Dorothy 1940 p117. The early Spaniards 1920: Francisco Lleonart. Simon Auladell. Ignacio Piferre. Joseph Lleonart. Daniel Borrell p120. Lleonart and Cobb’s market garden c1940: Alf Cobb, Frank Lleonart, worker Phillips and child p122. Selby Pou carting tomatoes to Manger and O’Neill processing plant at Echuca 1924 p123. Jose Masseneda with wife Eustoquia and daughter Carmel (now Tee) p126. Glasshouses being built on Pou’s market garden, south of Simmie Street, Echuca South, early 1920s p129. Feature plan of the County of Gunbower 1858 showing early names p133. Flood heights at Echuca wharf p134. 1906 flood at the Southern Cross Bridge, Echuca East p140. Plan showing location of the pound beside the Campaspe at Echuca South p144. Plan showing location of police barracks on Campaspe at Echuca South 1853 p148. Swing bridge over the Campaspe east of the present Showgrounds c1905 p150. Sidro Pou’s house p153. John and Annie Williamson and children Doris, Jack, Billy 1929 p154. James and Elizabeth Macintosh 1883 p157. Plan of Shinbone Alley in the Banyule Forest, Echuca East 1917 p159. George Mitchell, engineer, PS Murrumbidgee c1945 p162. Houses in Shinbone Alley, 1906 flood p163. Joan and Larry Mitchell p165. Southern Cross Hotel 1906 p167. Part of Larritt’s 1856 plan showing water supply from the Campaspe and manure depot p171. Cemetery cottage 1880 p172. Irvine’s West End (formerly Wheat Sheaf) Hotel during 1909 flood p175. Maiden voyage of Bethune’s paddle-steamer ‘Eric’ 1913 p177. Cobb’s home in Langford Street, Campaspe West with Albert Cobb and sister Elsie c1910 p180. Dr Henry Crossen p182. Plan of Crossenvale Estate 1876 p186. Early photograph of Globe and Crossenvale Hotel, sans verandah p188. Henry Quinton and family c1906 p191. Mary Jane Guilfoyle and family c1910 p193. Crossenvale Wine Hall c1914 p195. Patrick J. ‘Paddy’ Murphy and wife Marion 1967 p197. Map of Bett’s Wharparilla Pre-emptive Right 1855 p203. Wharparilla Homestead 1890 p204. James Hearn Junior p208. John Hearn and William Wragge p208. Wharparilla Homestead in A.W.H. White’s day c1930 p212. Locality plan showing roads in districts that developed in the former Torrumbarry and Wharparilla Runs p214. Map of Dead Horse Point p216. Mark Horatio Kelly 1959, aged 80 p220. Jacob Muller p222. ‘Trowbridge’, Jacob Muller’s home beside the Jaengenya Creek p222. Winching up wool bails p226. Carting wool from Edgar Hannasky’s farm c1920 p231. Binder working on Ed Hannasky’s farm 1921 p231. Mrs May Thomas, of ‘Sandy Camp’, Echuca West 1928 p232. Hunter Watson and son John at ‘Echuca Park’ 1960 p234. Len Hannasky taking his mother Jane for a ride in his sidecar c1930 p235. Plan of disputed Marathon territory c1873 p239. Marathon homestead, Millewa 1992 p242. A horse team and ‘road plough’ digging out a dam c1920 p245. William and Ann Spiers, Millewa c1930 p248. Shepherd’s hut, on part of John Whinfield’s selection ‘Woodbine’ p253. Stephen Whinfield p255. Myles Whinfield p255. Lowrie family home 1936 p257. McMinn family c1925 p259. Lowrie boys c1930: Jack, George, Walter p260. Scholars at Bamawm School no. 1769 in 1927 p262. Bamawm Extension School no. 4013 in 1926 p266. Wheat stack at Kotta Railway Station c1930 p270. Selector Otto Hannasky, wife Jane and son John while living at Tomara (Terricks) c1895 p272. Torrumbarry Homestead c1920 p274. Mr and Mrs Harry Baillieu skiing at Mount Bulla c1930 p275. Building a haystack on Torrumbarry Estate p276. Members of the Baillieu family at Torrumbarry 1975: Gavin, Ann (Cordner), Barbara (Bostock) and Peter p277. Thornycroft truck, Torumbarry Estate 1930s p280. Beckham’s former farmhouse near Dargan’s Bridge (drawing) p281. Lawrence’s threshing machine c1915 p283. Sir Rupert Hamer inspecting flood protection plans with brothers Michael and Andrew Adam c1975 p284. Roslynmead woolshed during Harry Baillieu’s term, since demolished p290. Wool from Cunnington’s farm, Bamawm, being carted to Kotta Railway Station p293. Original Torrumbarry South School no. 1640 p294. Harry Pearse and his bride Jessie 1909 p296. Angus Nicholson’s horse team 1916 p299. Mr and Mrs Jack Dargan, switching on of electric power, Kotta Hall 1957 p300. Map of Gunbower pre-emptive right 1864 p302. Gunbower homestead c1890 with Argyle family p303. 1935 Lanz Bulldog tractor p305. Reid family 1958: G. Hacquoil, Winifred Reid and husband Colin with their daughter Gillian (now Brinsmead) p306. Stables built for Cobb and Co. horses during Robertson and Wagner’s term. The Tooringabby homestead was demolished to provide the bricks p311. Interior of Perricoota woolshed c1915 p312. Headstone of Elizabeth Falkiner, died 1909, Echuca Cemetery p315. Perricoota homestead 1913 p317. Plan showing location of Mrs Main’s tent on 40 acres ‘selected’ on part of Tattaila Run, also Shaw’s boiling down works p319. Possible location of Hopwood’s punt p322. Early plan showing location of Tattaila home station p323. Moira homestead c1960 p326.

SURNAMES / FAMILY NAMES from index:
Accurso. Adam. Adams. Adamson. Adolph. Aird. Air. Aitken. Alder. Allan. Amos. Anderson. Andrew. Anselmi. Archibald. Argyle. Ash. Aspinall. Auladell. Aytoun. Bacon. Bailey. Baillieu. Bail. Baker. Baldwin. Barry. Bartsch. Batchelor. Battarbee. Bauld. Bawtree. Baxter. Beaton. Beckham. Beck. Beehag. Beeson. Bell. Bendle. Bennett. Benson. Bentley. Berryman. Berry. Bethune. Betson. Bett. Bingham. Binks. Bishop. Bissett. Black. Blackburn. Black Jack. Blackwood and Ibbotson. Blain. Blair. Blandowski. Boadle. Bock. Bolton. Bond. Bonney. Booth. Borrell. Bower. Boyd. Brandrick. Braund. Bremner. Brisbane. Broderick. Brooke. Brooks. Broom. Browne. Brown. Bruce. Brugeda. Buchanan. Buckley. Burgess. Burge. Burke. Burkett. Burnes. Burns. Burtchall. Butcher. Bynam. Byrne. Caccamo. Cadell. Cain. Callaghan. Cameron. Campanelli. Campbell. Cantwell. Carrington. Carter. Casey. Castrissios. Catanese. Chadwick. Chambers. Chanter. Chappel. Chauncy. Chilton.

Chinese market gardeners: Ah Len, George Chong, Heng Shing, John and Wah Hop, Song Lee, Ah Mem Waugh, Ah Chow, Ah Loon, Ah Foo, Frankie Wong, Georgie Dan, Ah Poy, Sun Hung Wah, Wah Lee, Wah Arp, Lip Pay, Ah Tie, Ah Len, Ah Lee, Frank Fook, Ye Hop, Sun On Shing.

Chisholm. Christie. Christy, Chrystal. Clarke. Clark. Clough. Clymo. Cobb. Coffey. Cole. Collier. Collyer. Conant. Condon. Connelly. Connors. Constantino. Cook. Corby. Cosgrove. Coulson. Cowle. Cox. Craig. Crawford. Crossen. Crowe. Crumpler. Cugley. Cull. Cunningham. Cunnington. Curr. Currey. Curtis. Dalton. Darbyshire. Dargan. Darres. Davidson. Davis. Dean. Dench. Dilke. Dobson. Doherty. Dohnt. Donald. Doody. Douglas. Dowell. Downie. Drought. Dugan. Dullard. Duncan. Dun. Dunstan. Dutch. Earnshaw. Ebeney. Eberle. Eddy. Edwards. Egan. Elder. Elgar. Elliott. Ellis. Ellson. Evans. Exell. Fabry. Falkiner. Fehon. Fehring. Ferguson. Ferrari. Fimmel. Fitzgerald. Fleming. Flett. Foley. Ford. Forge. Foster. Fowler. Foxall. Francis. Fraser. Freeman. Fullard. Gamble. Gardiner. Gibbs. Gilbert. Gillies. Glanville. Glass. Glasson. Godfrey. Goldie. Goldsbrough. Good. Gooley. Gosling. Goulburn. Grace. Gray. Greenwell. Greville. Grigg. Grove. Guascoine. Guilfoyle. Guinn. Gundry. Haines. Hall. Ham. Hambling. Hamer. Hancock. Hannasky. Hannon. Hansen. Hargreaves. Hart. Hartnell. Harvey. Hattwell. Hawdon. Hawkett. Hawkins. Hayes and Barker. Hayes. Hays. Hazelman. Healey. Hearn. Heath. Heelyman. Height. Helmore. Henderson. Henty. Hewlett. Heywood. Hicken. Hickey. Hicks. Hinkins. Hlampeas. Holland. Holman. Holmes. Holmfield. Holtom. Homan. Hooker. Hoos. Hopwood. Horne. Horsfall. Horsnell. Horton. Houston. Howard. Howell. Hughes. Hume and Hovell. Hunt. Hutchinson. Hyett. Irons. Irvine. Isaacs. Jamieson. Jansen. Jarvie. Jay. Jeffrey. Jeffreys. Jenkins. Jenvey. Johns. Johnson. Jones. Judge. Keating. Kech. Keele. Kelly. Kelsall. Kelsch. Kemp. Kennan. Kennedy. Kent. Kerr. Kickham. Kidd. King. Kinnear. Kinsey. Kirchhofer. Kitchen. Kleberg. Knopp. Kornmann. Krefft. Lalor. Lampard. Langford. Larritt. La Trobe. Laurence. Lawrence. Lawry. Lawton. Leary. Lees. LeFevre. Leitch. Lenne. Leo. Lewes. Lewis. Lleonart. Lloyd. Loch. Lockhart. Looker. Lord. Lothian. Lowrie. Luelf. Luney. Luth. Lyons. MacAlister. McAlister. McAsey. Macaulay. McAuley. McBride. McCallum. McCann. McCartney. McCulloch. McDermott. McDonald. McEvoy. McFadyen. McGrouther. McHenry. Mackintosh. McIntyre. McKay. McKechnie. McKee. McKenzie. McKinley. McKinnon. McLaurin. McLean. McLeod. McMahon. McManus. McMaster. McMinn. McNamara. McNaught. McRae. McSwain. Maher. Mahlberg. Maiden. Main. Manger. Manley. Manning. Marley. Marr. Marshall. Martinelli. Martin. Masseneda. Matheson. Mathew. Matthews. Maud. Maunsell. Meier. Mereweather. Middleton. Millar. Miller. Minard. Mitchell. Mochler. Molluso. Monahan. Moore. Moreland. Morgan. Moroney. Morris. Mountjoy. Moysey. Mueller. Muller. Mumme. Mundie. Munro. Murdoch. Murphy. Murray. Musgrove. Nattrass. Negri. Neill. Newbould. Nicholas. Nicholls. Nicholson. Nixon. Nolan. Norris. Oberin. O’Brien. O’Bryan. O’Dea. Ogilvie. Ohlin. Oliver. Olivieri. Olsen. O’Mahoney. O’Neill. O’Niall. Orrell. O’Shanassy. O’Sullivan. Owen. Page. Palmer. Parkes. Parkinson. Pascoe. Paternoster. Payne. Paynter. Payroli. Pearse. Peat. Peck. Pellegrino. Penny. Peppernell. Peppin. Permewan. Peroli. Perrott. Phillips. Philpot. Phyland. Pianta. Pickens. Piferre. Piggott. Pinchen. Piper. Ponsford. Porter. Potter. Pou (Power). Prentice. Priestley. Prunell. Purcelwhaite. Pygall. Quarrell. Quick. Quinn. Quinton. Quirke. Rae. Rake. Randall. Randell. Rankin. Raper. Raudino. Reardon. Redman. Reid. Reilly. Rendle. Repacholi. Reynolds. Richards. Roberts. Robertson. Robinson. Rodietti. Rofe. Rosenow. Rowan. Rowe. Rowlands. Russell. Rutley. Ryan. Sadler. Salter. Sanderson. Saunders. Scarfo. Schieblich. Schmidt. Schoeffel. Scott. Scurrah. Seward. Shackell. Shang. Shawcross. Shaw. Sheen. Sim. Simmie. Sims. Sinclair. Singer. Smith. Spiers. Splatt. Squire. Staaf. Stanley. Stephenson. Stewart. Stivala. Stockdale. Stokes. Stone. Stoney. Stratton. Stribling. Struve. Stuckey. Sturt. Summons. Sutton. Symington. Symons. Tattam. Taylor. Tee. Tehan. Thomas. Thompson. Thomson. Thornton. Throsby. Tingwell. Tipton. Tolhurst. Toll. Tombs. Tool. Townsend. Trethowan. Trewin. Tucker. Turandurey. Turner. Turvey. Tyler. Urbano. Velt. Venville. Vise. Von Mueller. Wagner. Walker and Halliday. Wallace. Walter. Waltham. Walton. Waters. Watson. Watt. Wearne. Webb. Weldon. Weller. Wells. Westergaard. Weymouth. Whalen. Wharrington. Whinfield. White. Whiteley. Whitelock. Whyte. Widdis. Williams. Williamson. Wilson. Winter-Irving. Wood. Woolnough. Worboys. Wragge. Yeaman. Yewers. Young. Zappia. Zographou.

Full index available on library computers.